Thursday, August 27, 2020

Emotional Impact of Separation on Hills free essay sample

Before creating â€Å"Hills like White Elephants,† Hemingway had been living in Paris with his better half Hadley and child, Bumby. During their stay in Paris, Hadley and Ernest Hemingway met a lady named Pauline Pfeiffer. Pauline was even more a companion to Hadley than Hemingway was. Pauline didn't respect Hemingway from the outset, she thought he was sluggish and a no-practitioner. Later Pauline and Hemingway began to look all starry eyed at and had an unsanctioned romance. Once Hadley knew about their issue, Hemingway mentioned a separation. Hadley concurred under one condition, Hemingway and Pfeiffer needed to isolate for 100 days. After the 100 days on the off chance that they were still enamored, at that point Hadley would allow the separation (Baker 174). This partition period left a permanent impact on Hemingway’s life and works. During this partition, Hemingway started an assortment of short stories named â€Å"Men without Women.† Hemingway clarified, â€Å"The title meant that all the tales were feeling the loss of the conditioning female influence† (Baker 182). We will compose a custom paper test on Passionate Impact of Separation on Hills or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Out of this assortment, he composed a short story, â€Å"Hills like White Elephants.†The story opens up with two individuals taking part in a discussion at a cafã © in a train station. The peruser can undoubtedly see that the couple is only simply taking a break. In any case, a few references could lead the peruser to accept that the liquor utilization is a panacea for the couple. In the initial passage, the couple is getting off the train. They needed to get something to drink. The couple could have had any refreshment to drink yet the man recommended they drink brew and afterward he accentuated â€Å"big† ones. This meant the couple was managing something genuine. In section 87 when the young lady would not like to talk any longer, she at that point inquired as to whether they could have another lager (Stanford 841). It is human instinct to keep away from issues, as this couple is doing. For what reason do individuals drink? Individuals create conditions, to adapt to inconveniences. According to Hemingway, he was among the numerous scholarly authors who were heavy drinkers. He even stated, â€Å"That every single great author are drinking writers† (Benedictus). Taking a gander at the conditions when Hemingway composed the story, he was discouraged. He turned out to be so genuinely discouraged he promised to execute himself by Christmas if his relationship had not settled (Baker 176). He confronted blame for separating Hadley. He additionally confronted analysis and dismissal from his folks. They didn't give endorsement to his artistic works. Hemingway’s mother had even alluded to one of his fills in as, â€Å"One of the filthiest books of the year† (Baker 180).

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Christianity is the True Humanism :: Religion Religious Essays

Christianity is the True Humanism As of late, I heard a stunning anecdote about little youngster who was brought up in a final resting place. Having been surrendered by his mother and father, the child’s broken grandparents hesitantly accepted the assignment of raising him. For some peculiar explanation, they kept him restricted in a final resting place, and just let him out to eat and go to the restroom. When the specialists safeguarded him, they found that the little individual had no clue that there was some other method to exist. He thought all kids were brought up in final resting places. To him such was life. His life was dehumanizing. He didn't have any acquaintance with it. Correspondingly, a considerable lot of us today don't understand exactly how dehumanizing our own general public really is. Truly, we don’t live in final resting places, yet we do live in a destructive culture that inexorably subverts the respect of human life. The defilement of sexuality, the disintegration of marriage, the breakdown of the family, sex entertainment, premature birth, child murder, willful extermination, wild industrialism, political wrongdoing, corporate outrage, clerical disloyalty, extreme independence, the fixation on innovation and biotechnology, and the spoiling of the earth are only a couple of the ground-breaking powers that are chipping ceaselessly step by step at being human. Incidentally, the vast majority have no clue that there is some other method to exist. Most basically accept this is only the manner in which life is. Barely any, are asking whether we are seeing the annulment of man. Is there any vision of life that can assist us with understanding that we are living in the final resting place of a deadly, dehumanizing society and show us a superior way? A Christian perspective answers positively with a resonating â€Å"Yes!† truth be told, Christianity is the â€Å"true humanism† which conveys us from the pit of corruption and lifts us up to the pinnacle of honorability and regard. In all creation, we people alone are the picture and similarity of God. We can reflect, love, make, and above all, revere the One whose picture we bear. God has given us stewardship over creation to build up a rich and faithful culture that benefits others and praises God. Craftsmanship and science, work and play, marriage and family, church and state are our blessings and undertakings. God has delegated us with magnificence and greatness (Psalm 8: 5). By reclamation, Jesus Christ has accommodated us to God from whom we were irritated in view of wrongdoing.

Friday, August 21, 2020

7 Tips for Financial Caregivers - OppLoans

7 Tips for Financial Caregivers - OppLoans 7 Tips for Financial Caregivers 7 Tips for Financial CaregiversTaking over the finances from an elderly relative can be difficult, so here is some expert advice to help you navigate that delicate process.We recently wrote about an uncomfortable conversation you may need to have one day when you may have an elderly relative who will need you to take an active role in their finances.They may not agree that you need to take an active role in their finances, however, which is where the awkwardness of the conversation would likely come in. We already covered the best way to start that conversation and navigate it in a sensitive manner, but even if it goes well, that’s only the beginning.Being a financial caregiver can be difficult, stressful, and emotionally draining. But you can also take some satisfaction in helping someone you love to survive in their old age. Here are some tips to manage a role you may not have expected to ever take on.1. Try to be a partner.Being a financial caregiver will be less stressful for b oth you and the person you’re assisting if you don’t try to take on more control than is necessary.“The objective of parent-adult child eldercare conversations is to encourage mutually responsible partnerships,” advised Joy Loverde (@joyloverde), author of The Complete Eldercare Planner. “Partnering with, rather than parenting our parents, is the desired approach.“As long as our parents remain mentally able to make their own decisions, we must appreciate the limits of the parent-child relationship. Many adult children have learned the hard way that attempts to impose their opinions, values, and authority on their parents will begin a downward spiral in the communication process, leading to a breakdown in the relationship.“When we focus our conversation style on influencing parents to seek and accept help from others, and keep them accountable for their own choices, they can remain true to their independent ideals.”2. Get all your legal ducks in a row.Managing legal d ocuments can be confusing and stressful even when you have them all in front of you. The more documents are missing, the less manageable the task becomes.“Make sure your relative has all of their legal documents in place,” recommended Renee Fry, Co-Founder and CEO of Gentreo (@Gentreo).“For instance, you need a power of attorney to be able to make financial decisions for the person you are helping. Without one, you can not access or transfer funds or even pay medical or other bills.Make sure your older relative also has a health care proxy so important decisions can be made on care or even where care can be provided.”3. Act in their interests.Do you want to be a caregiver or a caretaker? Wait … those actually mean similar things. How is that possible? Whatever, the point is you should try to act along with the desires of the person you’re looking after.“Understand their intentions,” Holly Wolf, Director of Customer Engagement for SOLO Laboratories (@SOLO_labs) told u s. “What is it they are trying to do with their money? Is it making it last until they die? Creating a legacyâ€"for whom and why? Is it enjoying the money they have now?If you think they should be spending and they prefer to save, you need to understand their objectives.”4. Look out for scams.While you want to try and follow the elderly person’s wishes as closely as possible, the very fact that they need a financial caregiver means that they won’t always be able to make the right choices. That means you might need to act against their wishes in instances where you recognize that they’re likely being scammed.“Make sure your elderly relative is not taken advantage of by scams or criminals who are trying to trick them into writing checks, transferring money, etc.,” warned Fry. “Set limits on spending, or require your relative to ask you first if they want to write a check or take money out of the bank.”5. Keep a close watch.Looking out for scams means keeping tabs on your elder, especially if they’re doing any financial tasks online.“Monitor financial information and online usage,” urged Matt Dworetsky, president of Dworetsky Financial (@MDworetsky). “Depending on the situation, you should be involved in the financial management of your loved one.As people age and lose the ability to manage their own finances, they become more vulnerable to fraud. Many seniors fall victim to expensive online scams. Talk with your loved one about the importance of working together in this area to make sure everyone is protected.”6. Seek help.There’s no reason you should have to deal with this responsibility alone.“Have another person involved,” recommended Wolf. “All of the people I have helped (aunt/uncle, inlaws, great aunt, parent) use an accountant that is unrelated to me. That way they have another set of eyes reviewing things to be sure Im not doing anything wrong.”7. Don’t forget your own finances.In order to be a good financial careg iver, you need to have your own financial house in order.“Your financial security comes first,” advised Dworetsky. “Do not put your future and security on the line while taking care of a loved one or you will jeopardize both of your lives if a financial emergency happens and you can’t care for either of you. Make sure you are always putting money into your savings and retirement accounts.”It’s an important task you’ve taken on. Hopefully, these tips will make it an easier one. To learn more about navigating money, relationships, and aging, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Tips for Managing Your Money in Old Age12 Tips for Talking About Money With Your Spouse or PartnerHow to Spot Financial Elder AbuseShould You and Your Spouse Keep Your Finances Separate?Do you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |  Inst agramContributorsMatt Dworetsky, president of Dworetsky Financial (@MDworetsky), helps clients maximize their retirement by creating personalized plans for their goals. Whether you are a federal employee, small business owner or any person looking to set up your retirement the right way, Matt will help create a legacy and plan for retirement pitfalls.Renee Fry is the Co-Founder and CEO of Gentreo (@Gentreo), an online software provider with a mission to provide affordable, accessible and easy-to-use estate planning tools for everyone.  Renee has led and helped start multiple companies, served in the Massachusetts government as head of Business and Technology and is a graduate of Harvard Business School.Joy Loverde (@joyloverde) is the author of the best-seller, The Complete Eldercare Planner (2009) and Who Will Take Care of Me When I’m Old? (2017). She is a mature-market consultant, keynote speaker, and media spokesperson. Visit her website at www.ElderIndustry.com.Holly Wolf  is an executive with over 30 years of experience in banking and healthcare.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Ray Bradbury’s There Will Come Soft Rains and James...

Ray Bradbury’s There Will Come Soft Rains and James Tiptree Jr.s The Last Flight of Dr. Ain - Probable Futures of our World Since the beginning of time mankind has predicted the end of the universe. From early Christians to science fiction authors of the 20th century, each generation has had its own vision of how life on earth will cease to exist. In earlier times though, most apocalyptic ideas consisted of the hand of God, or God’s figures punishing humankind for its sins and ending human existence. However, in the mid-twentieth century many more scientific ideas of the apocalypse appeared. Ray Bradbury’s There Will Come Soft Rains, which was published in 1950, is a post-nuclear apocalyptic tale. The Last Flight of Dr.†¦show more content†¦Here the silhouette of a man mowing a lawn. Here, as in a photograph, a woman bent to pick flowers. Still farther over, the images burned upon the wood in one titanic instant, a small boy, hands flung into the air; higher up, the image of a thrown ball, and opposite him a girl, hands raised to catch a ball which never came down (719). Through these vivid images Bradbury gives an excellent example of the devastating God-like powers of nuclear weapons. Hopefully, this story will never become a reality, but even though the U.S. is cutting back on its nuclear weapons, several other nations continue stockpiling weapons in the arms race. If this continues, anything is possible. As the arms race builds in the world the threat of nuclear warfare grows and grows everyday. There could be a new Cold War on the horizon, but not between the United States and Russia. Many countries that never had nuclear technology in the past are now attaining the knowledge and resources that they need to build up their arsenal. A perfect example of this is the situation between India and Pakistan. These two countries have been fighting each other for many years. Recently, each gained nuclear technology for warheads. Now, instead of just fighting and arguing with each other, they have nuclear warheads aimed at each other. Any day the conflict could grow out of control, and the two neighbors could both end up as the world did in There Will Come Soft Rains. The last

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Interpreting Music and Finding the Meaning - 694 Words

Ever since I first say the original version of Disneys Fantasia, I was astounded by the way certain pieces of music were able to communicate such complex and wonderful pictures. Like most children, I was always fascinated by prehistoric life the large and powerful dinosaurs living in a primitive world so alien to our own. As I grew up, I tried to read everything I possibly could about that primitive world, and when I combined that interest with the visuals and music in Fantasia, began to wonder about some of the compositions. One of these pieces of music, written by Igor Stravinsky just prior to World War I, was the ballet score for The Rite of Spring. Disneys interpretation was all I knew at the time, so I was extremely surprised that the original piece of music had nothing to do with the dinosaurs or prehistory, but instead was a ballet based on pagan Russia and the power of Spring. What was so interesting was the way the Disney artists used the music to depict spewing volcanoes, earthquakes, massive dinosaur herds, and it all seemed to fit so well that it seemed natural. When I viewed a number of different interpretations of the same music on YouTube, I found them so utterly different that it really hit me the power of musical expression and what it can do to ones imagination. Then, I began to become even more intrigued and found that The Rite of Spring was so controversial at its Paris premier that even with famous artists like the dancer Nijinsky and conductorShow MoreRelatedPoetic Elements Within the Blues Essay examples555 Words   |  3 Pagesone of the most captivating genres of music. The genre was originated in the late 1800’s as a method used by African American slaves to express the circumstances as well as to put emphasis on their feelings and emotions. In order to create these feelings in this music, blues artists incorporate many of the same techniques used to write poetry. One of the most easily identifiable songs in which it is easy to see the relation between poetic elements and blues music is the song â€Å"Empty Bed Blues† by BessieRead MoreMusic Is Sacred At The Human Race Essay948 Words   |  4 PagesMusic is sacred to the human race. For years music has brought people together and has been a point of gathering for many . Music symbolizes a sense of comfort or happiness to some people and is also a form of ritual to others. Music is an art. Music expresses the way people feel in words and perhaps expresses inner emotions they cannot dare to speak out. When words fail, music prevails. Two individuals may have the same favorite song, but it is interesting to see them both interpret the song differentlyRead MoreClassical Music Vs. Contemporary Music1113 Words   |  5 PagesBy universal, they mean that music exists in every culture. However, the meanings and emotions attached to the music are interpreted differently depending on the listener. People will associate different meanings and feelings with a musical performance based on their cultural upbringing and life experience. When we categorize music, we use terms such as â€Å"classical,† â€Å"folk† or â€Å"popular† to distinguish different types of music. However, using labels is problematic because there can be stereotypingRead MoreReason as a Way of Knowing1387 Words   |  6 PagesReason is a way of knowing in which we construct meanings together through modifying and improving individual opinions and ideas, in order to reach a plausible or logical conclusion. In other words, reason is the ability to help people decide what is true and what is not. Most of the time, reason is more commonly related to math and science subjects, where logic is put into place in order to obtain logical validity and justify claims. Through observations and experiments, we can prove, within reasonRead MoreThe Role Of Marriage In The Kreutzer Sonata By Leo Tolstoy1521 Words   |  7 Pagesrid of her and her tantrums. Pozdnyshev’s wife starts to take up hobbies, such as the piano, to escape her husband’s rage. She hires a music teacher named Troukhatchevsky where he would play the violin, and she would play the piano to Beethoven’s â€Å"Kreutzer Sonata† occupying her time. Pozdnyshev then starts to think and believe that the both of them playing music together is an excellent excuse to cover passionate love. His jealousy consumes his every thought throughout the novella, making it difficultRead More Fundamentals of Research Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesdaunting throughout time. Nevertheless, curiosity and the need to progress remains the same. Many regard research as gathering information and using facts to support findings (Leedy Ormrod, 2010, pg. 1-2). Nevertheless, Leedy and Ormrod (2010), define research as a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information (data) in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon about which we are interested or concerned (Leedy Ormond, 2010, pg. 2). Nunans definitionRead MoreSpeech Is The Major Vehicle Of Human Communication909 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Speech is the major vehicle of human communication through which ideas and thoughts are conveyed by the speakers to the listeners. During this process, the conveyed message is heard, understood and the meaning is extracted. Here, it is important to distinguish between Hearing, Listening and Perception. Hearing is the sensation of sound. Sounds produced by a source are transmitted through a medium and into the ears of the listener which converts vibrational energy into neural impulsesRead MoreInterpretive Analysis Of Dragnet s Formal Elements2210 Words   |  9 Pagesprocedural/detective drama and was produced by Jack Webb. Through previously interpreting the findings of the show’s mise en scene and other stylistic features, it was found that the formal features of Dragnet are ultimately used to convey p ower relations and to establish trust or misgivings in interpersonal relationships in order to convey a sense of realism within the series, which the series is distinctive for in its genre. After interpreting the findings, it may be argued that Dragnet served as a tool to upholdRead MoreEssay on Kid Rock, Fuel, and Buckcherry995 Words   |  4 Pagesconcert I had been somewhat familiar with all three bands music. I was excited to attend the show, but I didnt know what to expect. I had always thought of Kid Rock(the headliner) to be a punk/hard rock band. I had only attended alternative concerts in my lifetime, so I had never had an experience like this. The other band, Buckcherry, was also a hard rock band. Fuel, on the other hand, was more of an alternative style band. Their music was more my style than the other two. To begin theRead MoreAmerican Culture And The Culture873 Words   |  4 Pages American culture is a combination of many contradictions. Although I always try to be as skeptical as possible, there are times I cannot escape from both perspectives and stereotypes when interpreting this culture. My attempt to study American culture both through literature and popular approach such as music, movies, TV shows, magazines is more than just a preparation to adapt, but a personal interest. However, no matter how I have acquired the wide and updated knowledge about American culture

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Culturally Responsive Teaching Is Improving The School...

Culturally Responsive teaching is improving the school success of ethnically diverse students. It prepares teachers in preservice education programs with the knowledge, attitude, and skills needed to improve the schools ethnically diverse students. It is recognizing the importance of including students cultural references in all aspects of learning. Teachers now have to completely reshape the curriculum, learning within the context of culture, and making sure that communication is of high expectations. This literature considers culturally responsive teaching by discussing the following: 1. Understanding a cultural diversity knowledge base. 2. Building a learning and caring community in the classroom. 3. How to educate students on their ethnic background and where they come from. 4. Ethnic diversity in the curriculum. According to Geneva Gay (2000), â€Å"Culturally responsive teaching is defined as using the cultural characteristics, experiences, and perspectives of ethnically diverse students as conduits for teaching them more effectively.† (p.106) It acknowledges the legitimacy of the cultural heritages of different ethnic groups, it builds bridges of meaningfulness between home and school experiences as well as between academic abstractions, it uses a wide variety of instructional strategies that are connected to different learning styles, and incorporates multicultural information, resources, and materials in all the subjects and skills taught in schools.Show MoreRelatedCulture Is Central For Learning1500 Words   |  6 Pageseducation for students from all cultures. According to Gloria Ladson−Billings, It is an approach that empowers students intellectually, socially, emotionally, and politically by using cultural referents to impart knowledge, skills and attitudes.† Impr oving the school achievement of students of color who currently are not doing well in school requires comprehensive knowledge, opinions, and high-level pedagogical skills. As Geneva Gay says, â€Å"Culturally Responsive Teaching is about teaching, and the teachingRead MoreEssay on Culturally Relevant Curricula in Schools 3261 Words   |  14 Pageswhether extra emphasis should be placed on culturally relevant curricula in schools. Using varied researchers in the field of education, I first examine culturally relevant curricula and how culturally and ethnically diverse students do not receive the curricular support they need. Since students do not live in a bubble, neither can the school curriculum be isolated from the lives of the students, so I also examine the relevancy of involvement with the students and how the knowledge gained can be usedRead MoreFrom Melting Pot And Beautiful Mosaic1517 Words   |  7 PagesStates’ school system. Diversity within the classroom is in creasing every year, but educators are still teaching their students as if they are all â€Å"cookie cutter† students. With more and more diverse students entering the classroom, it is imperative that educators start to close the cultural gap that exists between themselves and their students and between the students themselves. A recent trend that helps combat this new challenge is culturally responsive teaching. Culturally responsive teaching â€Å"acknowledge[s]Read MoreA Brief History Of Multicultural Education2246 Words   |  9 Pagesthis author, the final line in their definition is the most important and representative statement, â€Å"Recognizing that equality and equity are not the same thing, multicultural education attempts to offer all students an equitable educational opportunity, while at the same time, encouraging students to critique society in the interest of social justice (http://www.nameorg.org/definitions_of_multicultural_e.php).† Why Multicultural Education? The educational climate in the US is polarized, with a politically-drivenRead MoreThang EDU 518 Topical Ref List3201 Words   |  13 Pageswith more support to reduce bad behavior, and better communication between parents and the school. Most authors agree, making education more meaningful and purposeful to the students would increase motivation to learn, which would increase success in academics. Almost all authors agree, professional development concentrated in these areas will reduce the achievement gap due to the increased academic success. There seems to be a combination quantitative and qualitative research. Keywords: AchievementRead MoreClassroom Comprehension : Building Comprehension Skills3288 Words   |  14 Pagesinto any school and you will hear the word comprehension. Comprehending text is a necessity for all students in all grade levels as well as individuals entering college and beyond. With the launch of the Common Core State Standards, students need to be able to show their comprehension of text numerous ways, and if the students do not have strategies and skills in place to comprehend a text, their future schooling will prove to be most difficult. Each year in my classroom, a number of students do notRead MoreThe Effects of Culture and Ethnicity on Tobacco Prevention and Cessation5317 Words   |  21 Pageshigh school as well as high school pupils had been 7.1% along with 23.2%, correspondingly, and also the occurrence of existing cigarette usage had been 4.3%, together with 15.8%, correspondingly. During the course of 2000-2011, amongst junior high school learners, a linear downhill pattern had been noticed in the occurrence of existing tobacco usage (from 14.9% to 7.1%), existing flammable tobacco usage (from 14.0% to 6.3%), along with existing cigarette usage (10.7% to 4.3%). For high school learnersRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 PagesUniversity School of Nursing, Portland Troyen A. Brennan, Executive Vice President, Chief Medical Officer, CVS Caremark, Woonsocket, RI Robert E. Campbell, Vice Chairman (Retired), Johnson Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ Leah Devlin, Professor of the Practice, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Raleigh Catherine Dower, Associate Director of Research, Center for the Health Professions, University of California, San Francisco Rosa Gonzalez-Guarda, Assistant Professor, School of NursingRead MoreAdvancing Effective Communicationcommunication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care Quality Safety Eq uity53293 Words   |  214 Pagesinformation ............................................................37 Recommended Issues and Related Practice Examples that Address the Workforce Domain of Organization Readiness ..............37 Target recruitment efforts to increase the pool of diverse and bilingual candidates ....................................................................37 Ensure the competency of individuals providing language services .....................................................................................Read MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 Pagessome way functional. It meets a need or provides a gratification. To a greater or lesser degree information flows both ways. The transactional view emphasizes that in our communication we are all in it together, trying to get something to happen, improving our ability to predict or guess at the outcomes, and in some measure affecting how things turn out for us. Models and definitions simplify complex ideas, help focus our attention and announce to others our points of view. The transactional view is

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Discuss the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease in relation to the presenting signs and symptoms. Discuss the pharmacological Management in relation to symptom relief and ongoing Management. Answer: Introduction As per the Alzheimer's Association (2013), AD is an irreversible, progressive and neurological disorder that slowly impairs the thinking ability and memory and eventually the capability to perform normal activities. The main characteristics of this disease are the aggregation of the Amyloid plaques and the neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Another feature of this disease is the loss of communication between the neurons that transmits messages to the brain and different parts of the body. This report discusses about the Pathophysiology of the disease, based on the symptoms and case history of the patient, Antonio Renaldi, who is suffering from mild to severe short term memory loss and few such problems related to AD. The following report also aims at providing information about the different pharmacological treatments and the nonpharmacologicals treatment that are suitable for Antonio, as per his symptoms. Although the disease does not have any cure, researches are still going on how to decrease the death of the neuronal cells. Lastly an idea has been given regarding the proper management of the behavioral symptoms that can provide comfort to the AD patients, as it is seen that Antonio is also suffering from social widrawal and an idea has been given for making things easier for him. Discussion Alzheimers disease is progressive, irreversible and a neurological disorder that results to impaired memory, loss of thinking skills and results in a cognitive decline (Nelson et al, 2012). This disease normally appears in the mid- 60s and worsen if treatment is not done properly. It is a common type of dementia. Many researches have taken place regarding the Alzheimers disease, but are the main reasons behind the reason why they occur is largely unknown (Birren et al., 2013). Diagnosis of the disease According to the report the Patient has taken a CT of brain. Normally a CT of brain discloses the brain anatomy. A person having AD would show a loss in the brain mass, because the hippocampus of the brain would be atrophied. The mini mental assessment taken by the patient also shows a less score. TheMiniMental Assessment(MMSE) orFolstein testinvolves a 30-point questionnaire which is used to measure the cognitive impairment.It is normally used inmedicine to screendementia. It is used to measure the degree of the cognitive impairment and is an effective way of understanding a patient's response to the treatment. A score equal to or greater than 24 signifies better mental health. The mini-assessment score got by Antonio is quite low which clearly indicates impaired cognition. The following case study also says that the patient had taken a full blood test. A blood test could easily detect the AD before the symptoms could appear (Montine et al., 2012). A recentresearch done by the Unive rsity of Otago has discovered a marker in the blood that could help screen Alzheimersthrough a single blood test. Recent researches have shown that the microRNAs found in the blood and the brain can easily detect AD with almost 86 percent accuracy (Denk et al., 2015). Pathophysiology of Alzheimers disease As per the information provided in the case study we have come to know that Antonio Renaldi is suffering from mild to severe short term memory loss which have caused due to the impaired communication between the neurons or neuronal death. AD is a very common type of dementia. The AD specialists can recognize the histopathological features within the brain. One histopathological feature involves the presence of the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques (Jiang et al., 2013). Amyloid protein accumulates outside the neurons and a modified form of Tau protein aggregates inside the nerve cells. AD impairs the proper functioning of the synapses and neurons. Almost trillions of synapses allow nerve impulses to travel through the brain circuits. The accumulation of the proteins prevents the communications between neurons and eventually the cell dies. In AD the Tau tangles prevents the transfer of the nutrients in the neurons and ultimately causes cell death. In certain cases the brain can also show abnormal shrinkage due to the cell loss and debris due to the dying neurons. The damage occurs at first in the hippocampus portion of the brain, that stores the memory but finally the additional parts are also affected causing severe short term memory loss, as seen in the case of Antonio Renaldi. It has been reported that in some cases genetic mutations are also responsible for the cause of AD (Heppner, Ransohoff Becher, 2015). Mutations in the gene expressing amyloid precursor proteins and Presinilin 1 and Presinilin 2 poteins potentially cause AD. Individuals suffering from AD often have difficulties in finding words to communicate with the people. Hence they detach themselves from social gatherings and often suffer from depressions. Patients with AD often suffer from sleeping disorders, so they sometimes wake up early. Antonio Renaldi is seen to have developed all these symptoms, which indicates the occurrence of AD. There are three stages of AD. They are- preclinical AD, dementia due to AD and mid cognitive impairment due to AD. The pre clinical stage involves with mild modifications in the brain. The blood diagnosis shows the signs of these disease but more important symptoms like the memory loss doesnt appear at first. The presymptomatic stage may last for 20 years or more. Patients with mild cognitive impairment have very mild changes in the thinking capabilities that are normally recognizable to the patients family and friends, although this doesnt prevent the patient from doing every days activity. Treatments of AD Pharmacological treatment They are treatments where medications are administered to prevent the illness or treat its signs. The medications that are normally given cannot stop the death of the neurons though the delaying of the process can be done (Salomon et al., 2012). There are certain drugs that can temporarily increase certain substances known as neurotransmitters. Acetyl-choline neurotransmitters are essential for learning and processing memory. In patients with AD the neurotransmitter is decreased. This deficit along with other presynaptic cholinergic deficits, and decreased activity of acetyl cholinesterase, emphasizes the cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease. This causes cognitive decline in AD patients and neuronal damage. Three cholinesterase are prescribed to treat mild to severe stages of Alzheimers. They are- Donepezil (Aricept) is prescribed for treating all the phases of Alzheimer's. Rivastigmine (Exelon) and Galantamine (Razadyne) is prescribed for treating mild Alzheimers. The sleep ing disorders that are found in AD patients like Antonio Renaldi, the following medicines like Tricyclic antidepressants, such as nortriptyline and trazodone can be prescribed. Sleeping pills like zolpidem, chloral hydrate and zaleplon, Antipsychotics like quetiapine and risperidone can be given to Antonio as he had been suffering from sleeping disorders. Classical antipsychotics like haloperidol (Doody et al., 2013). The risks of medicines that induce sleep for elderly people shall be kept in to mind. There are risks like falls and accidents. If these medicines are even used, they should not be continued after the establishment of a regular sleeping pattern. Non-drug methods should be tried before using medicines, as some medications might cause side effects. Non pharmacological therapies As per the informations given in the case study we have come to know that the person is suffering from social widrawal and depression. Therefore the health care providers or the family members should focus on the active management of the disease. Despite of the fact that AD does not have any proper treatment, studies have shown that an active management of the disease can improve the condition of the patients along the various stages of the disease. Active management involves 1) proper application of the treatment procedures 2) management of the condition that is already coexisting 3) Care and support provided by the health caregivers 3) Participation in many constructive, supportive activities (Burke et al., 2015). Non pharmacological therapies involve cognitive training and things like behavioral interventions. The non pharmacological courses often delay the brain ageing in the AD patients. The non pharmacological interventions are mainly useful to cope up with depressions, wandering, sleep disorders, aggression and agitation, that Antonio Renaldi is facing. There are researches that support the effectiveness of these non- pharmacological therapies (Horr, Messinger Pillai, 2015). This in some way would improve their quality of life, cognitive function, mood, behavior, performance of daily activities. Additional studies say that remaining socially and mentally active reduces the risk of AD and other dementia. Thus it can be said that proper management of this disease can make the quality of the life better and can extend the life span of the AD patients (Leon, Garci Marco?Contelles, 2013). Conclusion In the above case study, the patient has been suffering from short term memory loss, depression, sleeping disorder and loss of confidence, thus widrawal from the society. His age and the symptoms thus indicated dementia. The CT reports of the brain have shown the shrinkage in brain due to the loss of neuronal cells. The blood tests conducted also indicated towards the Alzheimers disease. Further histopathological analysis of his brain had also indicated the formation of the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques that prevents the flow of the nerve impulse through the neurons, ultimately resulting in the death of the neuronal cells. Although there are certain medications that could be used to reduce the problems faced by Antonio, like sleeping disorders, memory loss and more, but emphasis is also given on the non-drug treatment, as per the age of the patients. 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