Ray Bradbury’s There Will Come Soft Rains and James...

Ray Bradbury’s There Will Come Soft Rains and James Tiptree Jr.s The Last Flight of Dr. Ain - Probable Futures of our World Since the beginning of time mankind has predicted the end of the universe. From early Christians to science fiction authors of the 20th century, each generation has had its own vision of how life on earth will cease to exist. In earlier times though, most apocalyptic ideas consisted of the hand of God, or God’s figures punishing humankind for its sins and ending human existence. However, in the mid-twentieth century many more scientific ideas of the apocalypse appeared. Ray Bradbury’s There Will Come Soft Rains, which was published in 1950, is a post-nuclear apocalyptic tale. The Last Flight of Dr.†¦show more content†¦Here the silhouette of a man mowing a lawn. Here, as in a photograph, a woman bent to pick flowers. Still farther over, the images burned upon the wood in one titanic instant, a small boy, hands flung into the air; higher up, the image of a thrown ball, and opposite him a girl, hands raised to catch a ball which never came down (719). Through these vivid images Bradbury gives an excellent example of the devastating God-like powers of nuclear weapons. Hopefully, this story will never become a reality, but even though the U.S. is cutting back on its nuclear weapons, several other nations continue stockpiling weapons in the arms race. If this continues, anything is possible. As the arms race builds in the world the threat of nuclear warfare grows and grows everyday. There could be a new Cold War on the horizon, but not between the United States and Russia. Many countries that never had nuclear technology in the past are now attaining the knowledge and resources that they need to build up their arsenal. A perfect example of this is the situation between India and Pakistan. These two countries have been fighting each other for many years. Recently, each gained nuclear technology for warheads. Now, instead of just fighting and arguing with each other, they have nuclear warheads aimed at each other. Any day the conflict could grow out of control, and the two neighbors could both end up as the world did in There Will Come Soft Rains. The last

Interpreting Music and Finding the Meaning - 694 Words

Ever since I first say the original version of Disneys Fantasia, I was astounded by the way certain pieces of music were able to communicate such complex and wonderful pictures. Like most children, I was always fascinated by prehistoric life the large and powerful dinosaurs living in a primitive world so alien to our own. As I grew up, I tried to read everything I possibly could about that primitive world, and when I combined that interest with the visuals and music in Fantasia, began to wonder about some of the compositions. One of these pieces of music, written by Igor Stravinsky just prior to World War I, was the ballet score for The Rite of Spring. Disneys interpretation was all I knew at the time, so I was extremely surprised that the original piece of music had nothing to do with the dinosaurs or prehistory, but instead was a ballet based on pagan Russia and the power of Spring. What was so interesting was the way the Disney artists used the music to depict spewing volcanoes, earthquakes, massive dinosaur herds, and it all seemed to fit so well that it seemed natural. When I viewed a number of different interpretations of the same music on YouTube, I found them so utterly different that it really hit me the power of musical expression and what it can do to ones imagination. Then, I began to become even more intrigued and found that The Rite of Spring was so controversial at its Paris premier that even with famous artists like the dancer Nijinsky and conductorShow MoreRelatedPoetic Elements Within the Blues Essay examples555 Words   |  3 Pagesone of the most captivating genres of music. The genre was originated in the late 1800’s as a method used by African American slaves to express the circumstances as well as to put emphasis on their feelings and emotions. 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Through observations and experiments, we can prove, within reasonRead MoreThe Role Of Marriage In The Kreutzer Sonata By Leo Tolstoy1521 Words   |  7 Pagesrid of her and her tantrums. Pozdnyshev’s wife starts to take up hobbies, such as the piano, to escape her husband’s rage. She hires a music teacher named Troukhatchevsky where he would play the violin, and she would play the piano to Beethoven’s â€Å"Kreutzer Sonata† occupying her time. Pozdnyshev then starts to think and believe that the both of them playing music together is an excellent excuse to cover passionate love. His jealousy consumes his every thought throughout the novella, making it difficultRead More Fundamentals of Research Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesdaunting throughout time. Nevertheless, curiosity and the need to progress remains the same. Many regard research as gathering information and using facts to support findings (Leedy Ormrod, 2010, pg. 1-2). 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Culturally Responsive Teaching Is Improving The School...

Culturally Responsive teaching is improving the school success of ethnically diverse students. It prepares teachers in preservice education programs with the knowledge, attitude, and skills needed to improve the schools ethnically diverse students. It is recognizing the importance of including students cultural references in all aspects of learning. Teachers now have to completely reshape the curriculum, learning within the context of culture, and making sure that communication is of high expectations. This literature considers culturally responsive teaching by discussing the following: 1. Understanding a cultural diversity knowledge base. 2. Building a learning and caring community in the classroom. 3. How to educate students on their ethnic background and where they come from. 4. Ethnic diversity in the curriculum. According to Geneva Gay (2000), â€Å"Culturally responsive teaching is defined as using the cultural characteristics, experiences, and perspectives of ethnically diverse students as conduits for teaching them more effectively.† (p.106) It acknowledges the legitimacy of the cultural heritages of different ethnic groups, it builds bridges of meaningfulness between home and school experiences as well as between academic abstractions, it uses a wide variety of instructional strategies that are connected to different learning styles, and incorporates multicultural information, resources, and materials in all the subjects and skills taught in schools.Show MoreRelatedCulture Is Central For Learning1500 Words   |  6 Pageseducation for students from all cultures. 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Pathophysiology of Alzheimer Disease-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Discuss the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease in relation to the presenting signs and symptoms. Discuss the pharmacological Management in relation to symptom relief and ongoing Management. Answer: Introduction As per the Alzheimer's Association (2013), AD is an irreversible, progressive and neurological disorder that slowly impairs the thinking ability and memory and eventually the capability to perform normal activities. The main characteristics of this disease are the aggregation of the Amyloid plaques and the neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Another feature of this disease is the loss of communication between the neurons that transmits messages to the brain and different parts of the body. This report discusses about the Pathophysiology of the disease, based on the symptoms and case history of the patient, Antonio Renaldi, who is suffering from mild to severe short term memory loss and few such problems related to AD. The following report also aims at providing information about the different pharmacological treatments and the nonpharmacologicals treatment that are suitable for Antonio, as per his symptoms. Although the disease does not have any cure, researches are still going on how to decrease the death of the neuronal cells. Lastly an idea has been given regarding the proper management of the behavioral symptoms that can provide comfort to the AD patients, as it is seen that Antonio is also suffering from social widrawal and an idea has been given for making things easier for him. Discussion Alzheimers disease is progressive, irreversible and a neurological disorder that results to impaired memory, loss of thinking skills and results in a cognitive decline (Nelson et al, 2012). This disease normally appears in the mid- 60s and worsen if treatment is not done properly. It is a common type of dementia. Many researches have taken place regarding the Alzheimers disease, but are the main reasons behind the reason why they occur is largely unknown (Birren et al., 2013). Diagnosis of the disease According to the report the Patient has taken a CT of brain. Normally a CT of brain discloses the brain anatomy. A person having AD would show a loss in the brain mass, because the hippocampus of the brain would be atrophied. The mini mental assessment taken by the patient also shows a less score. TheMiniMental Assessment(MMSE) orFolstein testinvolves a 30-point questionnaire which is used to measure the cognitive impairment.It is normally used inmedicine to screendementia. It is used to measure the degree of the cognitive impairment and is an effective way of understanding a patient's response to the treatment. A score equal to or greater than 24 signifies better mental health. The mini-assessment score got by Antonio is quite low which clearly indicates impaired cognition. The following case study also says that the patient had taken a full blood test. A blood test could easily detect the AD before the symptoms could appear (Montine et al., 2012). A recentresearch done by the Unive rsity of Otago has discovered a marker in the blood that could help screen Alzheimersthrough a single blood test. Recent researches have shown that the microRNAs found in the blood and the brain can easily detect AD with almost 86 percent accuracy (Denk et al., 2015). Pathophysiology of Alzheimers disease As per the information provided in the case study we have come to know that Antonio Renaldi is suffering from mild to severe short term memory loss which have caused due to the impaired communication between the neurons or neuronal death. AD is a very common type of dementia. The AD specialists can recognize the histopathological features within the brain. One histopathological feature involves the presence of the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques (Jiang et al., 2013). Amyloid protein accumulates outside the neurons and a modified form of Tau protein aggregates inside the nerve cells. AD impairs the proper functioning of the synapses and neurons. Almost trillions of synapses allow nerve impulses to travel through the brain circuits. The accumulation of the proteins prevents the communications between neurons and eventually the cell dies. In AD the Tau tangles prevents the transfer of the nutrients in the neurons and ultimately causes cell death. In certain cases the brain can also show abnormal shrinkage due to the cell loss and debris due to the dying neurons. The damage occurs at first in the hippocampus portion of the brain, that stores the memory but finally the additional parts are also affected causing severe short term memory loss, as seen in the case of Antonio Renaldi. It has been reported that in some cases genetic mutations are also responsible for the cause of AD (Heppner, Ransohoff Becher, 2015). Mutations in the gene expressing amyloid precursor proteins and Presinilin 1 and Presinilin 2 poteins potentially cause AD. Individuals suffering from AD often have difficulties in finding words to communicate with the people. Hence they detach themselves from social gatherings and often suffer from depressions. Patients with AD often suffer from sleeping disorders, so they sometimes wake up early. Antonio Renaldi is seen to have developed all these symptoms, which indicates the occurrence of AD. There are three stages of AD. They are- preclinical AD, dementia due to AD and mid cognitive impairment due to AD. The pre clinical stage involves with mild modifications in the brain. The blood diagnosis shows the signs of these disease but more important symptoms like the memory loss doesnt appear at first. The presymptomatic stage may last for 20 years or more. Patients with mild cognitive impairment have very mild changes in the thinking capabilities that are normally recognizable to the patients family and friends, although this doesnt prevent the patient from doing every days activity. Treatments of AD Pharmacological treatment They are treatments where medications are administered to prevent the illness or treat its signs. The medications that are normally given cannot stop the death of the neurons though the delaying of the process can be done (Salomon et al., 2012). There are certain drugs that can temporarily increase certain substances known as neurotransmitters. Acetyl-choline neurotransmitters are essential for learning and processing memory. In patients with AD the neurotransmitter is decreased. This deficit along with other presynaptic cholinergic deficits, and decreased activity of acetyl cholinesterase, emphasizes the cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease. This causes cognitive decline in AD patients and neuronal damage. Three cholinesterase are prescribed to treat mild to severe stages of Alzheimers. They are- Donepezil (Aricept) is prescribed for treating all the phases of Alzheimer's. Rivastigmine (Exelon) and Galantamine (Razadyne) is prescribed for treating mild Alzheimers. The sleep ing disorders that are found in AD patients like Antonio Renaldi, the following medicines like Tricyclic antidepressants, such as nortriptyline and trazodone can be prescribed. Sleeping pills like zolpidem, chloral hydrate and zaleplon, Antipsychotics like quetiapine and risperidone can be given to Antonio as he had been suffering from sleeping disorders. Classical antipsychotics like haloperidol (Doody et al., 2013). The risks of medicines that induce sleep for elderly people shall be kept in to mind. There are risks like falls and accidents. If these medicines are even used, they should not be continued after the establishment of a regular sleeping pattern. Non-drug methods should be tried before using medicines, as some medications might cause side effects. Non pharmacological therapies As per the informations given in the case study we have come to know that the person is suffering from social widrawal and depression. Therefore the health care providers or the family members should focus on the active management of the disease. Despite of the fact that AD does not have any proper treatment, studies have shown that an active management of the disease can improve the condition of the patients along the various stages of the disease. Active management involves 1) proper application of the treatment procedures 2) management of the condition that is already coexisting 3) Care and support provided by the health caregivers 3) Participation in many constructive, supportive activities (Burke et al., 2015). Non pharmacological therapies involve cognitive training and things like behavioral interventions. The non pharmacological courses often delay the brain ageing in the AD patients. The non pharmacological interventions are mainly useful to cope up with depressions, wandering, sleep disorders, aggression and agitation, that Antonio Renaldi is facing. There are researches that support the effectiveness of these non- pharmacological therapies (Horr, Messinger Pillai, 2015). This in some way would improve their quality of life, cognitive function, mood, behavior, performance of daily activities. Additional studies say that remaining socially and mentally active reduces the risk of AD and other dementia. Thus it can be said that proper management of this disease can make the quality of the life better and can extend the life span of the AD patients (Leon, Garci Marco?Contelles, 2013). Conclusion In the above case study, the patient has been suffering from short term memory loss, depression, sleeping disorder and loss of confidence, thus widrawal from the society. His age and the symptoms thus indicated dementia. The CT reports of the brain have shown the shrinkage in brain due to the loss of neuronal cells. The blood tests conducted also indicated towards the Alzheimers disease. Further histopathological analysis of his brain had also indicated the formation of the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques that prevents the flow of the nerve impulse through the neurons, ultimately resulting in the death of the neuronal cells. Although there are certain medications that could be used to reduce the problems faced by Antonio, like sleeping disorders, memory loss and more, but emphasis is also given on the non-drug treatment, as per the age of the patients. Henceforth it can be concluded that active management of the disease, like 1) suitable application of the treatment optio ns 2) management of the coexisting conditions 3) Care and support given by the health care provider, caregivers 3) Participation in many constructive, supportive activities could at least make their journey through the different stages of the disease, a bit easier and happier. References Alzheimer's Association. (2013). 2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's dementia,9(2), 208-245. Birren, J. E., Cohen, G. D., Sloane, R. B., Lebowitz, B. D., Deutchman, D. E., Wykle, M., Hooyman, N. R. (Eds.). (2013).Handbook of mental health and aging. Academic Press. Burke, A., Hall, G. R., Yaari, R., Fleisher, A., Dougherty, J., Young, J., ... Tariot, P. (2015).Pocket Reference to Alzheimer's Disease Management. Springer Healthcare Limited. Denk, J., Boelmans, K., Siegismund, C., Lassner, D., Arlt, S., Jahn, H. (2015). MicroRNA profiling of CSF reveals potential biomarkers to detect Alzheimers disease.PLoS One,10(5), e0126423. Doody, R. S., Raman, R., Farlow, M., Iwatsubo, T., Vellas, B., Joffe, S., ... Aisen, P. S. (2013). A phase 3 trial of semagacestat for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.New England Journal of Medicine,369(4), 341-350. Heppner, F. L., Ransohoff, R. M., Becher, B. (2015). Immune attack: the role of inflammation in Alzheimer disease.Nature Reviews. Neuroscience,16(6), 358. Horr, T., Messinger-Rapport, B., Pillai, J. A. (2015). Systematic review of strengths and limitations of randomized controlled trials for non-pharmacological interventions in mild cognitive impairment: focus on Alzheimer's disease.The journal of nutrition, health aging,19(2), 141. Jiang, T., Yu, J. T., Tian, Y., Tan, L. (2013). Epidemiology and etiology of Alzheimers disease: from genetic to non-genetic factors.Current Alzheimer Research,10(8), 852-867. Leon, R., Garcia, A. G., Marco?Contelles, J. (2013). Recent advances in the multitarget?directed ligands approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Medicinal research reviews,33(1), 139-189. Montine, T. J., Phelps, C. H., Beach, T. G., Bigio, E. H., Cairns, N. J., Dickson, D. W., ... Nelson, P. T. (2012). National Institute on AgingAlzheimers Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimers disease: a practical approach.Acta neuropathologica,123(1), 1-11. Nelson, P. T., Alafuzoff, I., Bigio, E. H., Bouras, C., Braak, H., Cairns, N. J., ... Duyckaerts, C. (2012). Correlation of Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes with cognitive status: a review of the literature.Journal of Neuropathology Experimental Neurology,71(5), 362-381. Salomone, S., Caraci, F., Leggio, G. M., Fedotova, J., Drago, F. (2012). New pharmacological strategies for treatment of Alzheimer's disease: focus on disease modifying drugs.British journal of clinical pharmacology,73(4), 504-517.